![]() ![]() The overall trends in coverage of Termitomyces diversity and host associations were estimated using Genbank data. ![]() Termitomyces species boundaries were estimated by cross-comparison of macromorphological and sequence features, and ITS clustering parameters accordingly optimized. Presence of Termitomyces was confirmed using specific and universal primers. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) clone libraries were constructed from termite guts. Twenty-three Termitomyces cultures were isolated from fungal combs. Termites were identified using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase II (COII) genes. Culture-dependent and culture-independent methods were used to comprehensively assess host specificity and gut fungal diversity. Molecular techniques can be applied but need not necessarily yield the same outcome than morphological identification. Termitomyces taxonomy, and thus estimating diversity and host specificity of these fungi, is challenging because fruiting bodies are rarely found. Makonde, Huxley M Boga, Hamadi I Osiemo, Zipporah Mwirichia, Romano Stielow, J Benjamin Göker, Markus Klenk, Hans-Peterįungus-cultivating termites make use of an obligate mutualism with fungi from the genus Termitomyces, which are acquired through either vertical transmission via reproductive alates or horizontally transmitted during the formation of new mounds. Diversity of Termitomyces associated with fungus-farming termites assessed by cultural and culture-independent methods. ![]()
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